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Inhibition of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) activity has been identified as a prerequisite for the transformation of human cells. The protein, designated Cancerous Inhibitor of PP2A (CIP2A, p90 Autoantigen), interacts directly with the oncogenic transcription factor c-Myc, inhibits PP2A activity toward c-Myc serine 62 (S62), and thereby prevents c-Myc proteolytic degradation. In addition to its function in c-Myc stabilization, p90 Autoantigen promotes anchorage-independent cell growth and in
MLC1 is a 377 amino acid multi-pass membrane protein that may serve as a non-selective neuronal cation channel in brain. Mutant MLC1 proteins that show impaired folding have been corrected in vitro with the addition of a Ca(2+)-ATPase inhibitor, curcumin. Mutations in the gene encoding MLC1 is the cause of megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts, also known as van der Knaap disease, a rare syndrome characterized early in life by progressive brain destruction causing mental re
PTBP-2 is a member of the polypyrimidine tract binding family of proteins. Predominantly expressed in brain, but also found in heart and skeletal muscle, PTBP-2 localizes to the nucleus and contains four RRM (RNA recognition motif) domains. PTBP-2 functions as an RNA-binding protein associated in a complex that is involved in the regulation of exon splicing and the stabilization of mRNAs in the cytoplasm. Six isoforms exist for PTBP-2 due to alternative splicing events. Isoforms 1 and 2 (al
This gene encodes a calmodulin- and actin-binding protein that plays an essential role in the regulation of smooth muscle and nonmuscle contraction. The conserved domain of this protein possesses the binding activities to Ca(2+)-calmodulin, actin, tropomyosin, myosin, and phospholipids. This protein is a potent inhibitor of the actin-tropomyosin activated myosin MgATPase, and serves as a mediating factor for Ca(2+)-dependent inhibition of smooth muscle contraction. Alternative splicing of t
This gene encodes a five transmembrane protein that functions as a major regulator of the innate immune response to viral and bacterial infections. The encoded protein is a pattern recognition receptor that detects cytosolic nucleic acids and transmits signals that activate type I interferon responses. The encoded protein has also been shown to play a role in apoptotic signaling by associating with type II major histocompatibility complex. Mutations in this gene are the cause of infantile-ons
Involvement in disease;Defects in C16orf57 are the cause of poikiloderma with neutropenia (PN). PN is a genodermatosis characterized by poikiloderma, pachyonychia and chronic neutropenia. The disorder starts as a papular erythematous rash on the limbs during the first year of life. It gradually spreads centripetally and, as the papular rash resolves, hypo- and hyperpigmentation result, with development of telangiectasias. Another skin manifestation is pachyonychia, but alopecia and leukoplak